{"id":29773,"date":"2025-02-16T23:56:00","date_gmt":"2025-02-16T15:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/?p=29773"},"modified":"2026-07-25T10:03:59","modified_gmt":"2026-07-25T02:03:59","slug":"why-was-asml-founded","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/","title":{"rendered":"Why was ASML founded?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>I suggest you also read the companion article to this one:&#8221;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/01\/15\/asml-who-really-caught-tsmcs-neck\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ASML, who dominate TSMC\u2019s fate<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#Company_bio\" >Company bio<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#Origin_of_the_company\" >Origin of the company<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#Fundamental_technology\" >Fundamental technology<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#Shareholders\" >Shareholders<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#Shareholders_of_ASML\" >Shareholders of ASML<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#The_relationship_between_ASML_and_TSMC\" >The relationship between ASML and TSMC<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#EUV_history_in_the_United_States\" >EUV history in the United States<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#Intels_role\" >Intel&#8217;s role<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#EUV_companies_that_have_existed_in_US\" >EUV companies that have existed in U.S.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#Investment_in_EUV_by_US_official_institutions\" >Investment in EUV by U.S. official institutions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#ASML_was_forced_to_set_up\" >ASML was forced to set up<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#US_shares_EUV_with_foreign_countries\" >US shares EUV with foreign countries<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#ASML_is_a_hybrid_company\" >ASML is a hybrid company<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#Dutch_company_regulated_by_US\" >Dutch company regulated by U.S.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#USs_bottom_line\" >U.S.&#8217;s bottom line<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#Why_does_ASML_take_orders_from_the_US\" >Why does ASML take orders from the U.S.?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/#Related_articles\" >Related articles<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Company_bio\"><\/span>Company bio<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Origin_of_the_company\"><\/span><strong>Origin of the company<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>ASML&#8217;s light source comes from Cymer, the optical module comes from Zeiss, Germany, and the metering equipment comes from the United States, but it belongs to German technology, and its conveyor belt comes from the Dutch VDL Group. 90% of the parts of a lithography machine are sourced globally, involving more than a dozen companies in 4 countries, and the interests of downstream customers are firmly tied to ASML. The CEO of ASML once explained that if the area of the mirror in the lithography machine is as large as that of Germany, the highest protrusion cannot be higher than one centimeter! It can be seen how precise the lithography machine is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fundamental_technology\"><\/span>Fundamental technology<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The &#8220;immersive lithography&#8221; scheme invented by Benjian Lin, former deputy general manager of TSMC\u2019s R&amp;D, adopted by ASML has broken the technical bottleneck encountered by Japanese manufacturers in the previous generation of lithography, and established a higher-level lithography technology. advantages, from now on monopolizing this industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shareholders\"><\/span>Shareholders<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shareholders_of_ASML\"><\/span><strong>Shareholders of ASML<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2012, Intel (ticker: INTC), Samsung (ticker: SSNLF) and TSMC, the three companies invested a total of 5.229 billion euros, thereby obtaining priority supply rights and forming a close community of interests. In 2015, the first mass-produced extreme ultraviolet lithography machine prototype was officially released, which means that in advanced manufacturing processes below 7nm, ASML has no rivals ever since!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_relationship_between_ASML_and_TSMC\"><\/span>The relationship between ASML and TSMC<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Funding when TSMC was established: The Taiwan government contributed 48%, and Philips invested US$58 million and transferred semiconductor manufacturing technology authorization to obtain 27.5% of the shares. Since Philips is the major shareholder of TSMC, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.asml.com\/en\/news\/stories\/2024\/asml-founding-story\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">in 1984 Philips spun off its lithography department and became ASML<\/a>, which made the relationship between the two companies very close.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A fire at TSMC&#8217;s factory in 1989 forced TSMC to purchase 19 new lithography equipment. The relationship between ASML and TSMC, the claims from fire insurance companies, and the 19 new lithography equipment purchased by TSMC greatly helped the revenue of ASML, which was still a small start-up at the time. With this money, ASML has the money to invest in the research of newer generations of machines, until today&#8217;s monopoly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"EUV_history_in_the_United_States\"><\/span>EUV history in the United States<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Intels_role\"><\/span>Intel&#8217;s role<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1992, during the Grove era, Intel invested a large sum of US$200 million in the research and development of lithography machines and targeted the research and development of EUV machines. In the end, Intel invested billions of dollars in this case. In addition, Intel has invested billions of dollars in learning how to use EUV machines to etch wafers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But the problem is that Intel has never planned to build its own EUV machine, but Intel has always hoped that a company can build this EUV machine, otherwise Intel will not be able to etch chips with smaller and smaller lines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"EUV_companies_that_have_existed_in_US\"><\/span>EUV companies that have existed in U.S.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>GCA lithography company had gone bankrupt at this time, and GCA&#8217;s EUV lithography machine peer SVG was far behind Japan&#8217;s Nikon and Canon. The real rival of Japan&#8217;s Nikon and Canon was the Netherlands&#8217; ASML, which was much smaller than them at the time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Investment_in_EUV_by_US_official_institutions\"><\/span>Investment in EUV by U.S. official institutions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1996, several U.S. Department of Energy laboratories, including Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories, which have considerable experience in manufacturing EUV, established a partnership to conduct research in optics and EUV-related fields. Intel came forward to convene six other semiconductor companies to join this officially led alliance, and Intel paid most of the costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The problem is: The focus of these labs, the Department of Defense&#8217;s DARPA, and Intel is on scientific research, not on building an EUV machine. But what Intel and the U.S. chip industry need immediately is EUV to build an EUV machine. At this time, the best SVG in the field in the United States is far behind Japan and the Netherlands in technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ASML_was_forced_to_set_up\"><\/span>ASML was forced to set up<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"US_shares_EUV_with_foreign_countries\"><\/span>US shares EUV with foreign countries<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Forced by reality, the U.S. government finally decided to share the U.S. EUV research results with foreign countries, but since it was worried about Japan, the only option was ASML.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to later recollections of relevant personnel in the U.S. military and political circles, Congress and the three senators were worried about the risks of sharing such sensitive scientific and technological achievements with foreign countries, and ultimately having to rely on foreign EUV. The decision-making process at that time was indeed unanimously agreed by the US President, the US Department of Defense, and relevant national security agencies in Washington.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As Intel CEO Barrett, who succeeded Grove, said in 2001: &#8220;If ASML and SVG do not merge, the development of new machines in the United States will be delayed.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ASML_is_a_hybrid_company\"><\/span>ASML is a hybrid company<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2001, Acemore acquired SVG, the last EUV lithography machine manufacturer in the United States at that time. ASML itself produces only 15% of its parts. Parts suppliers are located all over the world, including the United States, the Netherlands, Slovenia, Greece, Japan, etc. It is mainly assembled outside the United States, but some parts are still made in the United States in Connecticut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What is very special is that there is only one supplier for the main parts of ASML&#8217;s EUV lithography machine, the most critical of which are Zeiss of Germany, Cymer of the United States, and Trumpf of Germany.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In short, ASML&#8217;s EUV lithography machine is currently a monopoly and there is no substitute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dutch_company_regulated_by_US\"><\/span>Dutch company regulated by U.S.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"USs_bottom_line\"><\/span>U.S.&#8217;s bottom line<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Due to backward technology, the EUV lithography machine that Intel has developed for many years has not yet been launched, and it has been decided not to have an EUV lithography machine made by an American company. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In order to prevent Japan&#8217;s semiconductor industry from getting bigger again and threatening the interests of the United States, the Japanese companies Canon and Nikon were abandoned; the U.S. government decided to cooperate with the Dutch company ASML, which was trusted by the United States.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>United States asked ASML to purchase American compoents and set up factory in the United States. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ASML needs to give priority to supply products to American companies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_does_ASML_take_orders_from_the_US\"><\/span><strong>Why does ASML take orders from the <\/strong>U.S.<strong>?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>With nearly two decades of painful experience in the Japanese semiconductor field that has overwhelmed the United States in the 1980s and 1990s, the US government regards extreme ultraviolet technology as the core technology to promote the development of the domestic semiconductor industry, and does not hope foreign companies can participate in it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Later, ASML agreed to establish a factory and a research and development center in the United States to meet all domestic production needs. It also guarantees that 55% of the components are purchased from American suppliers and are subject to regular review. This is also the fundamental reason why the United States can ban the export of Dutch lithography machines to China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another very reasonable reason: ASML pointed out that among the company&#8217;s most cutting-edge lithography machines, more than 55% of the company&#8217;s parts suppliers come from the United States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"178\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/08\/ASML-Custom.jpg\" alt=\"ASML\" class=\"wp-image-29788\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">credit: Ideogram<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Related_articles\"><\/span>Related articles<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/09\/10\/chip-war-talk-about\/\">What does book &#8220;Chip War&#8221; talk about?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2026\/07\/24\/teradyne-semi-ate-leader\/\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2026\/07\/24\/teradyne-semi-ate-leader\/\">Teradyne, semiconductor back-end automated test equipment leader<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2026\/06\/28\/how-klac-makes-money\/\">How KLAC makes money, the largest equipment supplier for chip quality control<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/03\/02\/tsmc-moat-competitiveness\/\">165 billions investment proved TSMC moat and competitiveness is fragile<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/01\/15\/asml-who-really-caught-tsmcs-neck\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ASML, who dominate TSMC\u2019s fate<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/16\/why-was-asml-founded\/\">Why was ASML founded?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/02\/18\/camtek-equipment\/\">Camtek: A little-known but outstanding semiconductor equipment supplier&#8221;<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2024\/12\/28\/morris-changs-controversial\/\">TSMC Morris Chang&#8217;s controversial words and deeds<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2024\/07\/10\/mong-song-liang\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mong-Song Liang, the hero of SMIC\u2019s breakthrough in US blockade<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2024\/10\/02\/rapidus-tsmcs-rival\/\">Rapidus will be TSMC&#8217;s strongest rival in the future<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2024\/07\/08\/semiconductor-equipment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Top five semiconductor equipment providers<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2024\/04\/18\/applied-materials\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How does Applied Materials, lord of semiconductor equipment, make money?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2024\/08\/12\/lam-research-chip-equipment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How does Lam Research, top chip equipment player, make money?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2023\/11\/30\/tsmc-negative-corp-culture\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">TSMC negative toxic corp culture and management style are detrimental to its future and growth<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2024\/04\/10\/four-chip-companies\/#google_vignette\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Four chip companies account for one-third of S&amp;P 500 gains so far this year<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2024\/04\/06\/artificial-intelligence-listed-companies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Top five lucrative artificial lucrative intelligence listed companies<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2025\/01\/09\/tsmc-valuation\/\">Why is TSMC valuation much lower than US peers?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2024\/04\/01\/tsmc-dcf-value\/\">What&#8217;s TSMC DCF intrinsic value?How to calculate it quickly with a free tool?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/10\/01\/how-many-fab-does-tsmc-have\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How many fabs and houses does TSMC have currently and in the future?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/05\/13\/yield-rate-comparison\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Yield rate comparison of SMIC, Rapidus, TSMC, Samsung, Intel&#8217;s advanced process<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2023\/04\/29\/cost-of-chip-foundry\/\">The TSMC cost, sell price, and R&amp;D cost of chip foundry<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2021\/12\/28\/tsmc-process-roadmap\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Comparison of SMIC, Rapidus, TSMC, Intel, and Samsung\u2019s new process roadmaps for future chips<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2021\/07\/30\/two-long-term-threats-to-tsmc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Two long-term threats to TSMC: US and SMIC<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/06\/30\/tsmcs-profit-margin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Why is TSMC\u2019s profit margin much greater than competitors?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/08\/13\/how-does-tsmc-make-money\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How does TSMC make money?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/11\/02\/zyvex\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Zyvex and sub-nanometer semiconductor processes, will Zyvex threat TSMC?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2023\/01\/28\/tsmc-serious-crises\/\">TSMC gets emerging&nbsp;and serious challenges<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2021\/06\/24\/nvidia-changes-gaming-rules\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How does nVidia make money, Nvidia is changing the gaming rules<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2023\/12\/11\/nvidias-monopoly\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The reasons for Nvidia\u2019s monopoly and the challenges it faces<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/01\/29\/arm-acquired-by-nvidia\/\">Why nVidia failed to acquire ARM?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2023\/07\/02\/revisiting-nvidia\/\">Revisiting Nvidia: The Absolute Leader in Artificial Intelligence, Data Center, and Graphics<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2021\/10\/30\/how-does-intel-make-money-and-the-benefits-to-invest-in-it\/\">How does Intel make money? and the benefits to invest in it<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2021\/11\/05\/intels-current-difficult-dilemma\/\">Intel&#8217;s current difficult dilemma<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/11\/22\/texas-instruments-bio\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How does Texas Instruments make money? Amazing long term capital reward and company net profit margin!<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/04\/22\/amd-make-money\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How AMD makes money? A rare case of turning defeat into victory<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2024\/02\/05\/amd-jaw-dropping\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Why is AMD\u2019s performance so jaw-dropping?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/05\/01\/qualcomm-diversifies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Qualcomm diversifies success, no nonger highly dependend on phone<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2024\/01\/29\/how-arm-make-money\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How does the ubiquitous Arm make money?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2021\/07\/23\/significant-changes-in-broadcoms-business-approach\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Significant changes in Broadcom\u2019s business approach<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2023\/03\/04\/data-center-a-rapidly-growing-semiconductor-field\/\">Data center, a rapidly growing semiconductor field<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2021\/09\/25\/the-lucrative-semiconductor-industry\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The lucrative semiconductor supply chain<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/01\/25\/global-semiconductor-chip-market-in-detail\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Global semiconductor chip market in detail, big dominators and markets<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/05\/07\/semiconductor-investment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">6 common wrong semiconductor investment myths<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2022\/09\/23\/3rd-gen-semiconductor\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gen 3 semiconductor<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2023\/06\/14\/eda-synopsys-cadence-mentor\/\">Three EDA oligopoly vendors: Synopsys, Cadence, and Siemens&#8217;s Mentor Graphics<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2024\/01\/22\/how-cadence-make-money\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How does, the EDA oligopoly, Cadence make money?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/2023\/12\/22\/how-synopsis-make-money\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How does Synopsis, the EDA oligopoly, make money?<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Disclaimer<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>The content of this site is the author\u2019s personal opinions and is for reference only. I am not responsible for the correctness, opinions, and immediacy of the content and information of the article. Readers must make their own judgments.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>I shall not be liable for any damages or other legal liabilities for the direct or indirect losses caused by the readers&#8217; direct or indirect reliance on and reference to the information on this site, or all the responsibilities arising therefrom, as a result of any investment behavior.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In 1984, Philips spun off its photolithography division and became ASML. Due to backward technology, the EUV lithography machine that Intel has developed for many years has not yet been launched, and it has been decided not to have an EUV lithography machine made by an American company.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29788,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[527,739,59,110,716],"tags":[64,260],"class_list":["post-29773","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-company-bio","category-geopolitics","category-governance","category-semiconductor","category-spinoff","tag-asml","tag-tsm"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29773","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29773"}],"version-history":[{"count":35,"href":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29773\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43153,"href":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29773\/revisions\/43153"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29788"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29773"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29773"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29773"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}