{"id":31549,"date":"2023-05-07T23:56:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-07T15:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/?p=31549"},"modified":"2025-05-31T11:40:13","modified_gmt":"2025-05-31T03:40:13","slug":"%e6%9f%90%e7%a8%ae%e5%9e%8b%e5%bc%8f%e7%9a%84%e6%87%b6%e6%83%b0%e6%98%af%e8%82%a1%e7%a5%a8%e6%8a%95%e8%b3%87%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e5%a4%a7%e7%be%8e%e5%be%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/05\/07\/%e6%9f%90%e7%a8%ae%e5%9e%8b%e5%bc%8f%e7%9a%84%e6%87%b6%e6%83%b0%e6%98%af%e8%82%a1%e7%a5%a8%e6%8a%95%e8%b3%87%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e5%a4%a7%e7%be%8e%e5%be%b7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u67d0\u7a2e\u578b\u5f0f\u7684\u61f6\u60f0\u662f\u80a1\u7968\u6295\u8cc7\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7f8e\u5fb7"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u986f\u793a\/\u96b1\u85cf\u5167\u5bb9\u76ee\u9304\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/05\/07\/%e6%9f%90%e7%a8%ae%e5%9e%8b%e5%bc%8f%e7%9a%84%e6%87%b6%e6%83%b0%e6%98%af%e8%82%a1%e7%a5%a8%e6%8a%95%e8%b3%87%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e5%a4%a7%e7%be%8e%e5%be%b7\/#%E5%B7%B4%E8%8F%B2%E7%89%B9%E5%9C%A8%E8%82%A1%E6%9D%B1%E4%BF%A1%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%80%E9%BB%9E\" >\u5df4\u83f2\u7279\u5728\u80a1\u6771\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/05\/07\/%e6%9f%90%e7%a8%ae%e5%9e%8b%e5%bc%8f%e7%9a%84%e6%87%b6%e6%83%b0%e6%98%af%e8%82%a1%e7%a5%a8%e6%8a%95%e8%b3%87%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e5%a4%a7%e7%be%8e%e5%be%b7\/#%E6%95%A3%E6%88%B6%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E6%95%B5%E4%BA%BA%E6%98%AF%E9%81%8E%E5%BA%A6%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93\" >\u6563\u6236\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6575\u4eba\u662f\u904e\u5ea6\u4ea4\u6613<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/05\/07\/%e6%9f%90%e7%a8%ae%e5%9e%8b%e5%bc%8f%e7%9a%84%e6%87%b6%e6%83%b0%e6%98%af%e8%82%a1%e7%a5%a8%e6%8a%95%e8%b3%87%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e5%a4%a7%e7%be%8e%e5%be%b7\/#%E7%B5%90%E8%AB%96\" >\u7d50\u8ad6<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/05\/07\/%e6%9f%90%e7%a8%ae%e5%9e%8b%e5%bc%8f%e7%9a%84%e6%87%b6%e6%83%b0%e6%98%af%e8%82%a1%e7%a5%a8%e6%8a%95%e8%b3%87%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e5%a4%a7%e7%be%8e%e5%be%b7\/#%E7%9B%B8%E9%97%9C%E6%96%87%E7%AB%A0\" >\u76f8\u95dc\u6587\u7ae0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%B7%B4%E8%8F%B2%E7%89%B9%E5%9C%A8%E8%82%A1%E6%9D%B1%E4%BF%A1%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%80%E9%BB%9E\"><\/span>\u5df4\u83f2\u7279\u5728\u80a1\u6771\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5df4\u83f2\u7279\u5927\u529b\u63d0\u5021\u4e0d\u4f5c\u70ba\u3002 \u5728\u4ed6 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.berkshirehathaway.com\/letters\/1996.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1996\u5e74\u7684\u80a1\u6771\u4fe1<\/a>\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u901a\u904e\u8cfc\u8cb7\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u80a1\u7968\u4e26\u9577\u671f\u6301\u6709\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8a66\u5716\u6839\u64da\u5e02\u5834\u9031\u671f\u4f86\u5b89\u6392\u8cb7\u8ce3\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5e02\u5834\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u90fd\u6703\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u201c\u6210\u529f\u6295\u8cc7\u4e0a\u5e02\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u8207\u6210\u529f\u6536\u8cfc\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u5728\u6bcf\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u662f\u60f3\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u7684\u50f9\u683c\u6536\u8cfc\u4e00\u5bb6\u7d93\u6fdf\u72c0\u6cc1\u826f\u597d\u4e14\u7ba1\u7406\u5e79\u7df4\u3001\u8aa0\u5be6\u7684\u4f01\u696d\u3002 \u6b64\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u53ea\u9700\u76e3\u63a7\u9019\u4e9b\u54c1\u8cea\u662f\u5426\u5f97\u5230\u4fdd\u7559\u3002\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u201c\u5982\u679c\u57f7\u884c\u5f97\u7576\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u7b56\u7565\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u5176\u5f9e\u696d\u8005\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8b49\u5238\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8b49\u5238\u5c07\u4f54\u5176\u6295\u8cc7\u7d44\u5408\u7684\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u2026\u2026\u5efa\u8b70\u8a72\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u51fa\u552e\u5176\u6700\u6210\u529f\u6295\u8cc7\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206 \u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u4e3b\u5bb0\u4ed6\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u50cf\u6697\u793a\u516c\u725b\u968a\u4ea4\u6613\u9081\u514b\u723e\u55ac\u4e39\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5c0d\u7403\u968a\u8b8a\u5f97\u5982\u6b64\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u88dc\u5145\u9053\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5df4\u83f2\u7279\u7684\u8b66\u544a\u5c0d\u65bc\u6c7a\u5b9a\u63a5\u53d7\u5b83\u7684\u6563\u6236\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u6709\u5148\u898b\u4e4b\u660e\u7684\u3002 \u5f9e 1997 \u5e74\u5230 2016 \u5e74\uff0c\u6d3b\u8e8d\u80a1\u7968\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5e74\u56de\u5831\u7387\u50c5\u70ba 4% \u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u800c\u6a19\u6e96\u666e\u723e 500 \u6307\u6578\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u56de\u5831\u7387\u70ba 10%\u3002 \u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6578\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u8cb7\u8ce3\u80a1\u7968\uff0c\u4e26\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u76f4\u89ba\u6216\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7372\u5229\uff0c\u53ea\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u3002 \u4e0d\u50c5\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u60a8\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6563\u6236\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5df4\u83f2\u7279\u5728\u4ed6<a href=\"https:\/\/www.berkshirehathaway.com\/letters\/1990.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> 1990\u5e74\u7684\u80a1\u6771\u4fe1<\/a>\u4e2d\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u8fd1\u4e4e\u61f6\u60f0\u7684\u55dc\u7761\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6295\u8cc7\u98a8\u683c\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u201d\uff0c\u5f9e\u8cb7\u8ce3\u80a1\u7968\u4e2d\u8cfa\u9322\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u5c31\u662f\u539f\u56e0\u3002 \u201c\u4e0d\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u88dc\u5145\u8aaa\uff0c\u201c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u89ba\u5f97\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8070\u660e\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%95%A3%E6%88%B6%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E6%95%B5%E4%BA%BA%E6%98%AF%E9%81%8E%E5%BA%A6%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93\"><\/span>\u6563\u6236\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6575\u4eba\u662f\u904e\u5ea6\u4ea4\u6613<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u5728\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.books.com.tw\/products\/0010889106?sloc=main\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8d85\u7d1a\u6210\u9577\u80a1\u6295\u8cc7\u6cd5\u5247<\/a>\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u76841-4\u7bc0\uff0c\u7b2c45-47\u9801\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u80a1\u7968\u5468\u8f49\u7387\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6642\u66fe\u8a73\u7d30\u689d\u5217\u904e\u5404\u500b\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5404\u4e3b\u8981\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u4eba\u7684\u80a1\u7968\u5468\u8f49\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u6703\u53cd\u99c1\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u624b\u7e8c\u8cbb\u5df2\u7d93\u5f88\u4f4e\u4e86\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7dda\u4e0a\u5238\u5546\u751a\u81f3\u4e09\u5e74\u524d\u958b\u59cb\u90fd\u5df2\u7d93\u964d\u70ba\u96f6\u5143\u624b\u7e8c\u8cbb\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c0d\u6295\u8cc7\u4eba\u4e0d\u6703\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u662f\u6975\u5ea6\u5730\u898b\u6a39\u4e0d\u898b\u6797\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6301\u80a1\u7684\u5468\u8f49\u7387\u904e\u9ad8\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u77ed\u7dda\u6216\u7576\u6c96\u4ea4\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u5728\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.books.com.tw\/products\/0010935641?sloc=main\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10\u500d\u80a1\u6cd5\u5247<\/a>\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u76844-2\u7bc0\uff0c\u7b2c198\u9801\uff0c\u66fe\u63d0\u53ca\u53f0\u80a12020\u5e74\u52302021\u5e74\u90192\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576\u6c96\u4ea4\u6613\u91cf\u9ad8\u9054\u65b0\u53f0\u5e6354\u5146\u5143\uff0c\u4f46\u7576\u6c96\u5ba2\u537b\u8ce0\u6389\u4e86630\u5104\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff1f\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u80a1\u5e02\u6295\u8cc7\u80fd\u5920\u7372\u5229\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u5247\u2500\u2500\u2500\u9577\u671f\u6301\u6709\u80a1\u7968\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%B5%90%E8%AB%96\"><\/span>\u7d50\u8ad6<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ed4\u7d30\u7be9\u9078\u7b26\u5408\u60a8\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u539f\u5247\u7684\u80a1\u7968\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u6295\u8cc7\uff0c\u5be7\u7f3a\u52ff\u6feb\u3002\u8cb7\u9032\u5f8c\uff0c\u9577\u671f\u6301\u6709\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5728\u718a\u5e02\u6216\u5d29\u76e4\u6642\u61c9\u8d81\u6b64\u5c11\u6709\u7684\u826f\u6a5f\u52a0\u78bc\u8cb7\u9032\uff0c\u9032\u5834\u64bf\u4fbf\u5b9c\u3002\u975e\u5230\u842c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u6642\u4e0d\u8981\u8ce3\u51fa\u2500\u2500\u2500\u9019\u624d\u662f\u6295\u8cc7\u4eba\u80fd\u5728\u80a1\u5e02\u88e1\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4ee4\u60a8\u6eff\u610f\u8cc7\u7522\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"120\" height=\"101\" src=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s-1600x1200-1.jpg\" alt=\"\u61f6\u60f0\" class=\"wp-image-31552\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">credit: wwf.org.uk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%9B%B8%E9%97%9C%E6%96%87%E7%AB%A0\"><\/span>\u76f8\u95dc\u6587\u7ae0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/05\/07\/%E6%9F%90%E7%A8%AE%E5%9E%8B%E5%BC%8F%E7%9A%84%E6%87%B6%E6%83%B0%E6%98%AF%E8%82%A1%E7%A5%A8%E6%8A%95%E8%B3%87%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E5%A4%A7%E7%BE%8E%E5%BE%B7\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u67d0\u7a2e\u578b\u5f0f\u7684\u61f6\u60f0\u662f\u80a1\u7968\u6295\u8cc7\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7f8e\u5fb7<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/12\/14\/%E5%B7%B4%E8%8F%B2%E7%89%B9%E6%98%AF%E5%90%A6%E4%B8%8D%E5%86%8D%E9%95%B7%E6%9C%9F%E6%8C%81%E6%9C%89%E8%82%A1%E7%A5%A8%E4%BA%86%EF%BC%9F\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer 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