{"id":35177,"date":"2023-11-06T23:56:00","date_gmt":"2023-11-06T15:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/?p=35177"},"modified":"2025-11-07T11:14:02","modified_gmt":"2025-11-07T03:14:02","slug":"%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u66fe\u7d93\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5927\u85e5\u5ee0\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\uff08Merck\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u986f\u793a\/\u96b1\u85cf\u5167\u5bb9\u76ee\u9304\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%8B%E7%B4%B9\" >\u516c\u53f8\u4ecb\u7d39<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E6%AF%8D%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E7%9A%84%E5%89%B5%E7%AB%8B\" >\u5fb7\u570b\u6bcd\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5275\u7acb<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E8%A2%AB%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E6%B2%92%E6%94%B6%E8%B3%87%E7%94%A2\" >\u88ab\u7f8e\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u6c92\u6536\u8cc7\u7522<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E9%9D%A0%E5%85%A9%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0%E5%B4%9B%E8%B5%B7\" >\u9760\u5169\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u5d1b\u8d77<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E7%9A%84%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2\" >\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u7279\u8272<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E9%87%8D%E9%87%91%E6%8A%95%E5%85%A5%E7%A0%94%E7%99%BC\" >\u91cd\u91d1\u6295\u5165\u7814\u767c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E9%9D%A0B%E8%82%9D%E7%96%AB%E8%8B%97%E9%80%B2%E5%85%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B\" >\u9760B\u809d\u75ab\u82d7\u9032\u5165\u4e2d\u570b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E6%9B%BE%E6%98%AF%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%A5%E5%BB%A0\" >\u66fe\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5927\u85e5\u5ee0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E9%BB%98%E6%B2%99%E6%9D%B1%E7%9A%84%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2\" >\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u53f2<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%E9%BB%98%E5%85%8B%E7%9A%84%E8%B2%A2%E7%8D%BB\" >\u55ac\u6cbb\u9ed8\u514b\u7684\u8ca2\u737b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E4%BA%8C%E6%88%B0%E5%92%8C%E6%8A%97%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0\" >\u4e8c\u6230\u548c\u6297\u751f\u7d20<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E9%8F%88%E9%BB%B4%E7%B4%A0%E8%AE%93%E9%BB%98%E5%85%8B%E4%B8%80%E6%88%B0%E6%88%90%E5%90%8D\" >\u93c8\u9ef4\u7d20\u8b93\u9ed8\u514b\u4e00\u6230\u6210\u540d<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E4%BA%A4%E6%A3%92%E7%B5%A6%E5%B0%88%E6%A5%AD%E7%B6%93%E7%90%86%E4%BA%BA\" >\u4ea4\u68d2\u7d66\u5c08\u696d\u7d93\u7406\u4eba<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E4%BD%B5%E8%B3%BC%E5%92%8C%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%83%E5%8C%96\" >\u4f75\u8cfc\u548c\u591a\u5143\u5316<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E6%8A%BC%E6%B3%A8%E7%96%AB%E8%8B%97\" >\u62bc\u6ce8\u75ab\u82d7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E5%9B%9E%E6%AD%B8%E5%88%B0%E8%A3%BD%E8%97%A5\" >\u56de\u6b78\u5230\u88fd\u85e5<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E6%88%90%E7%82%BA%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E8%A3%BD%E8%97%A5%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD\" >\u6210\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u7684\u88fd\u85e5\u4f01\u696d<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E7%99%BB%E4%B8%8A%E7%8E%8B%E4%BD%8D\" >\u767b\u4e0a\u738b\u4f4d<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E7%93%A6%E6%A0%BC%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%88%E6%B3%A8%E6%96%BC%E7%A0%94%E7%99%BC\" >\u74e6\u683c\u6d1b\u65af\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u7814\u767c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E6%8C%81%E7%BA%8C%E7%A8%B1%E9%9C%B8%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E8%97%A5%E4%BC%81\" >\u6301\u7e8c\u7a31\u9738\u5168\u7403\u85e5\u4f01<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E5%A4%B1%E5%8E%BB%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%A7%E5%92%8C%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9\" >\u5931\u53bb\u738b\u5ea7\u548c\u6539\u9769<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E5%90%88%E4%BD%B5%E4%BB%A5%E8%A7%A3%E6%B1%BA%E5%B0%88%E5%88%A9%E6%87%B8%E5%B4%96\" >\u5408\u4f75\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u5c08\u5229\u61f8\u5d16<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5%E9%8C%AF%E8%AA%A4%E8%A2%AB%E8%B6%85%E8%B6%8A\" >\u7b56\u7565\u932f\u8aa4\u88ab\u8d85\u8d8a<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E5%8B%95%E7%9B%AA%E7%9A%84%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F\" >\u52d5\u76ea\u7684\u6642\u671f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E6%94%B6%E8%B3%BC%E5%85%88%E9%9D%88%E8%91%86%E9%9B%85\" >\u6536\u8cfc\u5148\u9748\u8446\u96c5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E9%96%8B%E5%A7%8B%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9\" >\u958b\u59cb\u6539\u9769<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E6%AD%A3%E8%B5%B0%E5%90%91%E6%AD%A3%E7%A2%BA%E7%9A%84%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF\" >\u6b63\u8d70\u5411\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u9053\u8def<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%e6%9b%be%e7%b6%93%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e9%bb%98%e6%b2%99%e6%9d%b1%ef%bc%88merck%ef%bc%89\/#%E7%9B%B8%E9%97%9C%E6%96%87%E7%AB%A0\" >\u76f8\u95dc\u6587\u7ae0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%8B%E7%B4%B9\"><\/span>\u516c\u53f8\u4ecb\u7d39<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E6%AF%8D%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E7%9A%84%E5%89%B5%E7%AB%8B\"><\/span>\u5fb7\u570b\u6bcd\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5275\u7acb<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Merck_%26_Co.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1668\u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u570b\u85e5\u5291\u5e2bFriedrich Jacob Merck\uff0c\u5728\u5fb7\u570bDarmstadt\u8cb7\u4e86\u4e00\u5bb6\u85e5\u623f\uff0c\u5f8c\u6539\u540d\u201c\u9ed8\u514b\u5929\u4f7f\u85e5\u5e97\u201d\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5fb7\u570b\u9ed8\u514b\u7684\u524d\u8eab<\/a>\u3002\u5f7c\u6642\u4e2d\u570b\u9084\u662f\u5eb7\u7199\u4e03\u5e74\uff0c\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u525b\u91cd\u7533\u4e86\u6d77\u5916\u8cbf\u6613\u7684\u7981\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b64\u5f8c200\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u5728Merck\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u7d93\u71df\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c0f\u85e5\u623f\u9010\u6f38\u767c\u5c55\u70ba\u85e5\u5e97\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u64f4\u5f35\u70ba\u88fd\u85e5\u5ee0\uff0c\u4e26\u57281827\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u516c\u53f8E. Merck AG\u30021891\u5e74\uff0cGeorge Merck\u5728\u7d10\u7d04\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u5fb7\u570b\u9ed8\u514b\uff08\u7f8e\u80a1\u4ee3\u78bc\uff1aMKKGY\uff09\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5206\u516c\u53f8\u2014\u2014\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed8\u514b\u30021903\u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u570b\u9ed8\u514b\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5ea7\u5de5\u5ee0\u5728\u65b0\u6fa4\u897f\u843d\u6210\uff0c\u4ee5\u751f\u7522\u53d6\u4ee3\u539f\u672c\u7684\u9032\u53e3\u696d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E8%A2%AB%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E6%B2%92%E6%94%B6%E8%B3%87%E7%94%A2\"><\/span>\u88ab\u7f8e\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u6c92\u6536\u8cc7\u7522<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u6230\u5f8c\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u5c07\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed8\u514b\u8996\u70ba\u6575\u8ecd\u8cc7\u7522\uff0c\u4e26\u4e88\u4ee5\u6c92\u6536\uff0c\u76f4\u52301919\u5e74\uff0cGeorge Merck\u7c3d\u8a02\u8207\u5fb7\u570b\u7e3d\u516c\u53f8\u201c\u65b7\u7d55\u95dc\u4fc2\u201d\u5354\u8b70\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u91cd\u65b0\u5b8c\u5168\u638c\u63a7\u4e86\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed8\u514b\u30021953\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed8\u514b\u8207\u6c99\u6771\u516c\u53f8\u5408\u4f75\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u53ea\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u5730\u5340\u64c1\u6709\u201c\u9ed8\u514b\u201d\u540d\u7a31\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6b0a\uff0c\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u4ee5\u5916\u53ea\u80fd\u7a31\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%9D%A0%E5%85%A9%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0%E5%B4%9B%E8%B5%B7\"><\/span>\u9760\u5169\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u5d1b\u8d77<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>20\u4e16\u7d00\u662f\u5168\u7403\u91ab\u5b78\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8f49\u6298\u9ede\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5176\u9593\u7206\u767c\u4e86\u5169\u6b21\u5927\u761f\u75ab\u3001\u5169\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3001\u75be\u75c5\u6578\u4e0d\u52dd\u6578\u3002\u4f46\u5f7c\u6642\u79d1\u5b78\u8b58\u5225\u75c5\u539f\u9ad4\u4ee5\u53ca\u6cbb\u7642\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u4e26\u672a\u9054\u5230\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u70ba\u4e00\u773e\u85e5\u5ee0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6a5f\u6703\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed8\u514b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u85c9\u8457\u5169\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u5f8c\u7f8e\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5d1b\u8d77\u7684\u6771\u98a8\uff0c\u99db\u5165\u5feb\u8eca\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E7%9A%84%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2\"><\/span>\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u7279\u8272<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%87%8D%E9%87%91%E6%8A%95%E5%85%A5%E7%A0%94%E7%99%BC\"><\/span>\u91cd\u91d1\u6295\u5165\u7814\u767c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ab0\u662f\u7576\u4eca\u6700\u80af\u82b1\u9322\u641e\u7814\u767c\u7684\u85e5\u4f01\u5de8\u982d\uff1f\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\uff08\u7f8e\u80a1\u4ee3\u78bc\uff1aMRK\uff09\u80af\u5b9a\u8981\u4f54\u500b\u540d\u984d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2022\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u524d\u5341\u5927\u85e5\u4f01\u7684\u7814\u767c\u8cbb\u7528\u70ba1040\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u4ee5135.48\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u8d85\u8eca\u8f1d\u745e\uff08\u7f8e\u80a1\u4ee3\u78bc\uff1aPFE\uff09\uff0c\u6392\u540d\u7b2c\u4e09\u3002\u800c\u5728\u8ad6\u7814\u767c\u6295\u5165\u5728\u71df\u6536\u4e2d\u7684\u4f54\u6bd4\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u4e5f\u662f\u540d\u5217\u524d\u8305\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%9D%A0B%E8%82%9D%E7%96%AB%E8%8B%97%E9%80%B2%E5%85%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B\"><\/span>\u9760B\u809d\u75ab\u82d7\u9032\u5165\u4e2d\u570b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u622a\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u7e3d\u5e02\u503c\u70ba2896\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u904e\u53bb\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u9760\u65b0\u51a0\u85e5\u7269\u5927\u706b\u7684\u8f1d\u745e\u51fa\u76e1\u98a8\u982d\u30021986\u5e74\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u7814\u88fd\u51fa\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u7b2c\u4e00\u652f\u57fa\u56e0\u91cd\u7d44B\u809d\u75ab\u82d7\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u4ee5\u8fd1\u4e4e\u201c\u767d\u9001\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8b93\u6578\u4ee5\u5104\u8a08\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u64fa\u812bB\u809d\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u56f0\u64fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%9B%BE%E6%98%AF%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%A5%E5%BB%A0\"><\/span>\u66fe\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5927\u85e5\u5ee0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u66fe\u9023\u7e8c15\u5e74\u7a69\u5750\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u85e5\u4f01\uff0c16\u6b21\u7372\u5f97\u7f8e\u570b\u300a\u8ca1\u5bcc\u300b\u96dc\u8a8c\u201c\u7f8e\u570b\u5341\u5927\u6700\u53d7\u63a8\u5d07\u516c\u53f8\u201d\u7684\u7a31\u865f\u3002\u9019\u5bb6\u6709\u8457\u5e7e\u767e\u5e74\u66c6\u53f2\u7684\u77e5\u540d\u85e5\u4f01\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u4f86\u7684\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E9%BB%98%E6%B2%99%E6%9D%B1%E7%9A%84%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2\"><\/span>\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u53f2<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%E9%BB%98%E5%85%8B%E7%9A%84%E8%B2%A2%E7%8D%BB\"><\/span>\u55ac\u6cbb\u9ed8\u514b\u7684\u8ca2\u737b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u6210\u9577\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u85e5\u4f01\u5de8\u982d\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cGeorge Merck\u7684\u5152\u5b50\u55ac\u6cbb\u9ed8\u514b\uff08George W Merck\uff09\u8209\u8db3\u8f15\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u55ac\u6cbb\u9ed8\u514b\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u5c08\u696d\uff0c1926\u5e74\u63a5\u4efb\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed8\u514b\u638c\u9580\u4eba\u3002\u9ad8\u5b78\u6b77\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u4ed6\u6975\u6ce8\u91cd\u85e5\u54c1\u5275\u65b0\u548c\u7814\u767c\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u4ed6\u8acb\u4f86\u4e86\u5728\u54c8\u4f5b\u4efb\u6559\u7684\u8482\u4ec0\u52d2\u3001\u8cd3\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u85e5\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u65b0\u6fa4\u897f\u7f85\u5a01\u6210\u7acb\u9996\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff0c\u62db\u52df\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E4%BA%8C%E6%88%B0%E5%92%8C%E6%8A%97%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0\"><\/span>\u4e8c\u6230\u548c\u6297\u751f\u7d20<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8c\u6230\u662f\u500b\u5951\u6a5f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6230\u722d\u71b1\u5e36\u75c5\u3001\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u3001\u71df\u990a\u3001\u8840\u6db2\u4f9b\u61c9\u7b49\u9818\u57df\u5099\u53d7\u95dc\u6ce8<strong>\u3002<\/strong>\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed8\u514b\u5148\u5f8c\u7814\u767c\u51fa\u77ed\u6548\u9ebb\u9189\u5291Vinethene\u3001\u53ef\u7684\u677e\u3001\u82ef\u624e\u6258\u54c1\u3001\u6c2b\u6c2f\u567b\u55ea\u7b49\u85e5\u7269\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u70cf\u514b\u862d\u88d4\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u74e6\u514b\u65af\u66fc\u7d93\u904e\u4e0d\u61c8\u7684\u8a66\u9a57\u548c\u6e2c\u8a66\uff0c\u7be9\u9078\u51fa\u4e86\u80fd\u6cbb\u6108\u80ba\u7d50\u6838\u7684\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u2014\u2014\u93c8\u9ef4\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u9ed8\u514b\u85c9\u8457\u8207\u963f\u514b\u65af\u66fc\u7684\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u5c07\u9019\u4e00\u795e\u85e5\u6536\u5165\u56ca\u4e2d\u3002\u74e6\u514b\u65af\u66fc\u9084\u56e0\u6b64\u7372\u5f971952\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%8F%88%E9%BB%B4%E7%B4%A0%E8%AE%93%E9%BB%98%E5%85%8B%E4%B8%80%E6%88%B0%E6%88%90%E5%90%8D\"><\/span>\u93c8\u9ef4\u7d20\u8b93\u9ed8\u514b\u4e00\u6230\u6210\u540d<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u4e8c\u6230\u5f8c\u80ba\u7d50\u6838\u5927\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u9ed8\u514b\u9084\u5c07\u93c8\u9ef4\u7d20\u514d\u5c08\u5229\u8cbb\u50b3\u6388\u7d66\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u5168\u7403\u71b1\u8b70\u30021950\u5e74\uff0c\u9ed8\u514b\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u4e16\u4eba\u7686\u77e5\u7684\u8457\u540d\u8a00\u8ad6\u201c\u85e5\u7269\u662f\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u800c\u751f\u7522\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u70ba\u8ffd\u6c42\u5229\u6f64\u800c\u88fd\u9020\u7684\u2026\u2026\u53ea\u8981\u5805\u5b88\u9019\u4e00\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u5229\u6f64\u5fc5\u96a8\u4e4b\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7e3d\u662f\u6703\u4f86\u2026\u2026\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u93c8\u9ef4\u7d20\u8b93\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed8\u514b\u4e00\u6230\u6210\u540d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc1944\u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u53ef\u7684\u677e\u5247\u5c07\u8a72\u516c\u53f8\u63a8\u4e0a\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u9ad8\u5ea6<strong>\uff0c<\/strong>\u300aThe New Yorker\u300b\u66fe\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u53ef\u7684\u677e\u80fd\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u6578\u91cf\u5df2\u63a5\u8fd1\u5929\u6587\u6578\u5b57\u3002\u201d\u8a72\u85e5\u57281951\u5e74\u4e00\u5ea6\u6709\u50f9\u7121\u5e02\uff0c\u9ed8\u514b\u751a\u81f3\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5831\u7d19\u4e0a\u520a\u767b\u6587\u7ae0\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u516c\u53f8\u6c92\u6709\u56e4\u7a4d\u5c45\u5947\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1952\u5e748\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u9ed8\u514b\u767b\u4e0a\u300aTIME\u300b\uff0c\u6a19\u984c\u5c31\u662f\u201cmedicine is for people\uff0cnot for profits\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E4%BA%A4%E6%A3%92%E7%B5%A6%E5%B0%88%E6%A5%AD%E7%B6%93%E7%90%86%E4%BA%BA\"><\/span>\u4ea4\u68d2\u7d66\u5c08\u696d\u7d93\u7406\u4eba<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u5bb6\u65cf\u4f01\u696d\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5728\u7e7c\u627f\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\u4e0d\u843d\u4fd7\u5957\u3002\u9ed8\u514b\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c1950\u20141964\u5e74\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5148\u5f8c\u63db\u4e86James Kerrigan\u548cJohn Connor\u5169\u4efb\u57f7\u884c\u9577\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u5006\u4eba\u57f7\u653f\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u767c\u5c55\u5e73\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E4%BD%B5%E8%B3%BC%E5%92%8C%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%83%E5%8C%96\"><\/span>\u4f75\u8cfc\u548c\u591a\u5143\u5316<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1965\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u7403\u4e00\u773e\u4f01\u696d\u591a\u5143\u5316\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e0b\uff0c\u65b0\u4efb\u638c\u9580Henry Gadsen\u4e5f\u901a\u904e\u4f75\u8cfc\u6216\u7d44\u5efa\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u958b\u59cb\u4e86\u591a\u5143\u5316\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c\u7248\u5716\u6db5\u84cb\u5316\u5b78\u54c1\u88fd\u9020\u3001\u773c\u85e5\u6c34\u751f\u7522\u3001\u5de5\u696d\u88fd\u51b7\u8a2d\u5099\u7b49\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u65b0\u696d\u52d9\u4e0d\u50c5\u6c92\u7d66\u516c\u53f8\u5e36\u4f86\u591a\u5c11\u5229\u6f64\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u758f\u5ffd\u4e86\u88fd\u85e5\u696d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f4\u81f31976\u5e74Gadsen\u5378\u4efb\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u57f7\u884c\u9577\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u5275\u65b0\u85e5\u4e0a\u9664\u4e86Sinamet\u4e4b\u5916\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u91cd\u78c5\u7522\u54c1\u554f\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%8A%BC%E6%B3%A8%E7%96%AB%E8%8B%97\"><\/span>\u62bc\u6ce8\u75ab\u82d7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u904e\u5728\u75ab\u82d7\u7814\u767c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5f9e\u672a\u6b62\u6b65<strong>\u3002<\/strong>\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5e0c\u52d2\u66fc\u4e3b\u5c0e\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u81ea60\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\uff0c\u5148\u5f8c\u7814\u767c\u51fa\u816e\u817a\u708e\/\u7532\u809d\/\u6c34\u75d8\/\u8166\u819c\u708e\u75ab\u82d7\u7b4940\u591a\u7a2e\u75ab\u82d7\u3002\u5728\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u6b64\u5f8c\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u652f\u57fa\u56e0\u91cd\u7d44\u4e59\u809d\/\u57c3\u535a\u62c9\u75c5\u6bd2\/HPV\u75ab\u82d7\u3001\u5bae\u9838\u764c\u75ab\u82d7\u3001\u72c2\u72ac\u75ab\u82d7\u7b49\u4e5f\u591a\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u5e0c\u52d2\u66fc\u7b49\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%9B%9E%E6%AD%B8%E5%88%B0%E8%A3%BD%E8%97%A5\"><\/span>\u56de\u6b78\u5230\u88fd\u85e5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u96a8\u5f8c\uff0c\u6cd5\u52d9\u90e8\u9580\u51fa\u8eab\u7684John Honran\u6210\u70ba\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u57f7\u884c\u9577\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u7d44\u5efa\u4ee5\u5f8c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e94\u4f4d\u57f7\u884c\u9577\u3002\u5728\u4efb\u5341\u5e74\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u8fce\u4f86\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Honran\u4e0d\u50c5\u5c07\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u767c\u5c55\u6838\u5fc3\u6230\u7565\u56de\u6b78\u5230\u88fd\u85e5\u4e0a\uff0c\u9084\u5c07\u76ee\u5149\u9396\u5b9a\u5728\u5e02\u5834\u71df\u92b7\u4e0a\u3002\u4e00\u908a\u6293\u7814\u767c\uff0c\u63a8\u51fa\u567b\u55ce\u6d1b\u723e\u3001\u4f9d\u90a3\u666e\u5229\u3001\u982d\u5b62\u897f\u6c40\u7b49\u7522\u54c1\uff0c\u4e00\u908a\u901a\u904e\u8207\u963f\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u3001\u9e7d\u91ce\u7fa9\u7b49\u85e5\u4f01\u5408\u4f5c\u6253\u958b\u7d30\u5206\u85e5\u54c1\u5e02\u5834\u30021981-1985\u5e74\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u92b7\u552e\u984d\u5e74\u5e73\u5747\u589e\u9577\u7387\u90549%\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%88%90%E7%82%BA%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E8%A3%BD%E8%97%A5%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD\"><\/span><strong>\u6210\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u7684\u88fd\u85e5\u4f01\u696d<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%99%BB%E4%B8%8A%E7%8E%8B%E4%BD%8D\"><\/span>\u767b\u4e0a\u738b\u4f4d<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1985\u5e74\u524d\u5f8c\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5df2\u767c\u5c55\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u85e5\u4f01\u30021973\u5e74\u52a0\u5165\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u7684\u74e6\u683c\u6d1b\u65af\u529f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6c92\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u5728Honran\u638c\u6b0a\u671f\u9593\u5275\u65b0\u85e5\u7814\u767c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u727d\u982d\u4eba\u30021985\u5e74\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u63a8\u51fa\u4f9d\u90a3\u666e\u5229\uff0c1988\u5e74\u8a72\u85e5\u6210\u70ba\u516c\u53f8\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u9996\u500b\u92b7\u552e\u984d\u7a81\u783410\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%93%A6%E6%A0%BC%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%88%E6%B3%A8%E6%96%BC%E7%A0%94%E7%99%BC\"><\/span>\u74e6\u683c\u6d1b\u65af\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u7814\u767c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u74e6\u683c\u6d1b\u65af1986\u5e74\u5f9eHonran\u624b\u88e1\u63a5\u904e\u5e25\u5370\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u7406\u5ff5\u5c31\u662f\u5169\u500b\u5b57\uff1a\u7814\u767c\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7814\u767c\u624d\u662f\u672a\u4f86\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5275\u65b0\u85e5\u7684\u7814\u767c\u6230\u8853\u5c31\u662f\u201cpick the winners\u201d\uff0c\u63a2\u7a76\u767c\u75c5\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u767c\u75c5\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u6539\u8b8a\u8a72\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u9776\u9ede\uff0c\u6d1b\u4f10\u4ed6\u6c40\u3001\u8f9b\u4f10\u4ed6\u6c40\u3001\u6c2f\u6c99\u5766\u7b49\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6b64\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u554f\u4e16\u7684\u3002\u81ea\u4ed6\u64d4\u4efb\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u57f7\u884c\u9577\u5f8c\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u7814\u767c\u6295\u5165\u5f9e1987\u5e74\u76845.7\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u6f32\u81f31994\u5e74\u768412.3\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\u74e6\u683c\u6d1b\u65af\u9084\u662f\u9ed8\u514b\u5728\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e8b\u696d\u4e0a\u7684\u7e7c\u4efb\u8005\u30021981\u5e74\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u7684\u91cd\u7d44\u4e59\u809d\u75ab\u82d7\u7372\u6279\u4e0a\u5e02\uff0c90\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u5728\u74e6\u683c\u6d1b\u65af\u638c\u6b0a\u4e0b\u7684\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u4ee5700\u842c\u7f8e\u5143\u5c07\u8a72\u75ab\u82d7\u6280\u8853\u8f49\u8b93\u7d66\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6839\u64da\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u627f\u8afe\u70ba\u4e2d\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u5957\u6280\u8853\u3001\u57f9\u8a13\u4e2d\u65b9\u4eba\u54e1\u3002\u751f\u7269\u91ab\u85e5\u884c\u696d\u5275\u65b0\u85e5\u5f9e\u7814\u767c\u5230\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u6642\u9593\u548c\u82b1\u8cbb\u7686\u662f\u5929\u6587\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u6298\u7b97\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u8981\u6c42\u7684700\u842c\u7f8e\u5143\u5e7e\u4e4e\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u201c\u767d\u9001\u201d\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u74e6\u683c\u6d1b\u65af\u9084\u652f\u6301\u4e26\u540c\u610f\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5c0d\u4f0a\u7dad\u83cc\u7d20\u7684\u7814\u767c\uff0c\u5411\u975e\u6d32\u5730\u5340\u514d\u8cbb\u63d0\u4f9b\u8a72\u85e5\u7528\u65bc\u6cbb\u7642\u6cb3\u76f2\u75c7\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c20\u4e16\u7d0080\u5e74\u4ee3\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7206\u767c\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u74e6\u683c\u6d1b\u65af\u65bc1987\u5e74\u9084\u5c07\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5728HIV\u85e5\u7269\u4e0a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u8207\u5c0d\u624b\u5206\u4eab\u5171\u540c\u6297\u827e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%8C%81%E7%BA%8C%E7%A8%B1%E9%9C%B8%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E8%97%A5%E4%BC%81\"><\/span>\u6301\u7e8c\u7a31\u9738\u5168\u7403\u85e5\u4f01<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u572870\u548c80\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cHonran\u548c\u74e6\u683c\u6d1b\u65af\u5169\u4f4d\u57f7\u884c\u9577\u5c0d\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u7684\u898f\u5283\u548c\u5168\u7403\u91ab\u85e5\u884c\u696d\u7684\u9810\u5224\uff0c\u8b93\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u92b7\u552e\u984d\u6f32\u4e864\u500d\uff0c1974-1990\u5e74\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u85e5\u54c1\u92b7\u552e\u984d\u753111.97\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u6f32\u81f352.11\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u81ea1985\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u6191\u85c9\u5275\u65b0\u85e5\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u7814\u767c\uff0c\u9023\u7e8c15\u5e74\u9738\u699c\u5168\u7403\u85e5\u4f01\u92b7\u552e\u699c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%A4%B1%E5%8E%BB%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%A7%E5%92%8C%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9\"><\/span>\u5931\u53bb\u738b\u5ea7\u548c\u6539\u9769<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%90%88%E4%BD%B5%E4%BB%A5%E8%A7%A3%E6%B1%BA%E5%B0%88%E5%88%A9%E6%87%B8%E5%B4%96\"><\/span>\u5408\u4f75\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u5c08\u5229\u61f8\u5d16<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u81ea90\u5e74\u4ee3\u59cb\uff0c\u5275\u65b0\u85e5\u7814\u767c\u6210\u672c\u9010\u5e74\u6500\u5347\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u77e5\u540d\u85e5\u4f01\u7684\u5404\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u5275\u65b0\u85e5\u5747\u9762\u81e8\u5c08\u5229\u61f8\u5d16\u3002\u8cb7\u8cb7\u8cb7\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f37\u5f37\u5408\u4f75\u5169\u5927\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u85e5\u4f01\u5de8\u982d\u7a81\u7834\u56f0\u5883\u7684\u9996\u9078\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8afe\u83ef\uff08\u7f8e\u80a1\u4ee3\u78bc\uff1aNVS\uff09\u3001\u963f\u65af\u5229\u5eb7\uff08\u7f8e\u80a1\u4ee3\u78bc\uff1aAZ\uff09\u3001\u845b\u862d\u7d20\u53f2\u514b\uff08\u7f8e\u80a1\u4ee3\u78bc\uff1aGSK\uff09\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u9593\u7d44\u5efa\u6210\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u9023\u8f1d\u745e\u4e5f\u9078\u64c7\u901a\u904e\u5927\u6536\u8cfc\u7a81\u7834\u74f6\u9838\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5%E9%8C%AF%E8%AA%A4%E8%A2%AB%E8%B6%85%E8%B6%8A\"><\/span>\u7b56\u7565\u932f\u8aa4\u88ab\u8d85\u8d8a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c1994\u5e74\u63a5\u68d2\u74e6\u683c\u6d1b\u65af\u7684\u65b0\u638c\u9580\u4ebaGilmartin\uff0c\u537b\u5805\u6301\u201c\u55ae\u5e79\u201d\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4ed6\u8aa4\u5224\u5168\u7403\u88fd\u85e5\u5f62\u52e2\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c0e\u81f4\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5728\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u88ab\u8f1d\u745e\u8d85\u8eca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2000\u5e74\uff0c\u8f1d\u745e\u548c\u845b\u862d\u7d20\u53f2\u514b\u5206\u5225\u4ee5231.5\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u548c220.4\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u8655\u65b9\u92b7\u552e\u984d\u8d85\u904e\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e00\u85e5\u4f01\u201d\u7684\u5bf6\u5ea7\uff0c\u4e14\u81f3\u4eca\u518d\u672a\u56de\u904e\u5dd4\u5cf0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u4f4d\u65b0\u638c\u9580\u662f\u91ab\u7642\u8a2d\u5099\u4f9b\u61c9\u5546\u51fa\u8eab\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u66b4\u9732\u4e86\u4ed6\u5c0d\u5275\u65b0\u85e5\u7814\u767c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u77ed\u677f\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u4efb\u671f\u9593\u9760\u8457\u524d\u4efb\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u7814\u767c\u7ba1\u7dda\u65bc1995-1999\u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\u4e8615\u6b3e\u5275\u65b0\u85e5\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u91cd\u78c5\u7522\u54c1\u9762\u81e8\u5c08\u5229\u61f8\u5d16\u6642\u537b\u6309\u5175\u4e0d\u52d5\uff0c\u8b93\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5728\u85e5\u4f01\u6d17\u724c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u7bc0\u9ede\u6389\u968a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%8B%95%E7%9B%AA%E7%9A%84%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F\"><\/span>\u52d5\u76ea\u7684\u6642\u671f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u572821\u4e16\u7d00\u524d\u5341\u5e74\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u4efb\u4f55\u5927\u52d5\u4f5c\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u65d7\u4e0b\u85e5\u54c1\u9084\u56e0\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u554f\u984c\u60f9\u4e0a\u9ebb\u7169\u3002\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u70ba\u4e86\u5e73\u606f\u63a5\u4e8c\u9023\u4e09\u7684\u5b98\u53f8\u548c\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u82b1\u4e86\u8fd150\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u8ce0\u511f\u91d1\uff0c\u70ba\u6b64\u9084\u8b8a\u8ce3\u4e86\u65d7\u4e0b\u7684\u5206\u92b7\u5546Medco\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b21\u5e74\uff0cGilmartin\u8fad\u8077\uff0c\u539fMedco\u8463\u4e8b\u9577Richard T. Clark\u63a5\u7ba1\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\uff0cClark\u4e0a\u4efb\u5f8c\u91cd\u65b0\u70ba\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5236\u5b9a\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u52a0\u5927\u5c0d\u6297\u816b\u7624\u85e5\u7684\u7814\u767c\uff0c\u9084\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u6295\u8cc7\u4f75\u8cfc\u7684\u968a\u4f0d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%94%B6%E8%B3%BC%E5%85%88%E9%9D%88%E8%91%86%E9%9B%85\"><\/span>\u6536\u8cfc\u5148\u9748\u8446\u96c5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f7c\u6642\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u4e0d\u50c5\u843d\u5f8c\u8f1d\u745e\u3001\u845b\u862d\u7d20\u53f2\u514b\u7b49\u52c1\u6575\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c31\u9023\u8cfd\u8afe\u83f2\uff08\u7f8e\u80a1\u4ee3\u78bc\uff1aSNY\uff09\u3001\u8afe\u83ef\u7b49\u4e5f\u90fd\u5c07\u9019\u4f4d\u6614\u65e5\u8001\u5927\u8e29\u5728\u8173\u4e0b\u30022009\u5e74\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u65a5\u8cc7411\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u6536\u8cfc\u88fd\u85e5\u5de8\u982d\u5148\u9748\u8446\u96c5\uff0c\u6b64\u8209\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u7fa9\u6253\u97ff\u4e86\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5fa9\u7526\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u69cd\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u92b7\u552e\u984d\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%96%8B%E5%A7%8B%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9\"><\/span>\u958b\u59cb\u6539\u9769<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5169\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u518d\u6b21\u63db\u5e25\uff0c\u6cd5\u52d9\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u798f\u7dad\u6fa4\u63a5\u66ffClark\uff0c\u4e0a\u4efb\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5c0b\u6c42\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u7a4d\u6975\u6295\u8cc7\u4f75\u8cfc\u3001\u52a0\u5927\u7814\u767c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2014\u5e74\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u7684Keytruda\uff08\u4e0b\u7a31\u201cK\u85e5\u201d\uff09\u7372\u5f97FDA\u6279\u51c6\u4e0a\u5e02\uff0c\u901a\u7528\u540d\u5e15\u535a\u5229\u73e0\u55ae\u6297\uff0c\u662f\u9996\u500b\u88ab\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u963b\u65b7PD-1\u7684\u9776\u5411\u6cbb\u7642\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u764c\u75c7\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u4eba\u6e90\u5316\u6297\u9ad4\u3002K\u85e5\u5982\u4eca\u53ef\u70ba\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5e36\u4f86\u8d85\u767e\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u5e74\u92b7\u552e\u6536\u5165\uff0c2022\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u92b7\u552e\u984d\u9054209.37\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5275\u6b77\u53f2\u65b0\u9ad8\uff0c\u6253\u7834\u4e0a\u4e00\u4ee3\u201c\u85e5\u738b\u201d\u4fee\u7f8e\u6a02\uff08\u827e\u4f2f\u7dad\u65d7\u4e0b\u7684\u7522\u54c1\uff09\u57282021\u5e74\u5275\u9020\u7684\u7d00\u9304\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%AD%A3%E8%B5%B0%E5%90%91%E6%AD%A3%E7%A2%BA%E7%9A%84%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF\"><\/span>\u6b63\u8d70\u5411\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u9053\u8def<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>2022\u5e74\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u71df\u6536\u548c\u6de8\u5229\u96d9\u589e\uff0c\u53cd\u5f48\u52e2\u982d\u660e\u986f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2021\u5e74\uff0c\u798f\u7dad\u6fa4\u529f\u6210\u8eab\u9000\uff0c\u9996\u5e2d\u8ca1\u52d9\u5b98Robert M. Davis\u63a5\u904e\u5e25\u5370\u3002K\u85e5\u4e0d\u50c5\u7d6610\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\u4e00\u8def\u4e0b\u6ed1\u7684\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u5fa9\u7526\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u70ba\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u767c\u5c55\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u91cd\u78c5\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u7522\u54c1\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u8db3\u5920\u4e45\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u95dc\u9375\u4eba\u7269\u6709\u6210\u4e8b\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u6210\u4e8b\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\uff0c\u5e78\u904b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\u9019\u8258\u5927\u8239\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u9593\u65b7\u7684\u638c\u9580\u4eba\u66f4\u66ff\u4e2d\u6709\u4e86\u5fa9\u7526\u7684\u8de1\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"119\" height=\"65\" src=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/mrk.png\" alt=\"\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\" class=\"wp-image-35309\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">credit: \u9ed8\u6c99\u6771<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%9B%B8%E9%97%9C%E6%96%87%E7%AB%A0\"><\/span>\u76f8\u95dc\u6587\u7ae0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2025\/11\/06\/%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e6%9c%80%e5%a4%a7%e7%9a%84%e9%86%ab%e7%99%82%e9%99%a2%e6%89%80hca-healthcare\/\">\u7f8e\u570b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u91ab\u7642\u9662\u6240HCA Healthcare\u5982\u4f55\u8cfa\u9322\uff1f<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2025\/10\/18\/%e4%b8%ad%e5%9c%8b%e7%9a%84%e7%94%9f%e6%8a%80%e8%a3%bd%e8%97%a5%e6%a5%ad%e9%96%8b%e5%a7%8b%e5%b1%95%e7%8f%be%e5%ae%83%e7%9a%84%e6%b7%b1%e5%ba%a6%e6%b1%82%e7%b4%a2%e6%99%82%e5%88%bb\/\">\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u751f\u6280\u88fd\u85e5\u696d\u958b\u59cb\u5c55\u73fe\u5b83\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u6c42\u7d22\u6642\u523b<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2025\/09\/16\/%e5%ba%b7%e6%96%b9%e8%82%ba%e7%99%8c%e8%97%a5%e6%96%b0%e8%97%a5%e7%99%82%e6%95%88%e5%a4%a7%e5%8b%9d%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e8%97%a5%e6%a6%9c%e9%8a%b7%e9%87%8f%e5%86%a0%e8%bb%8d\/\">\u5eb7\u65b9\uff08Akeso&nbsp;\uff09\u80ba\u764c\u85e5\u65b0\u85e5\u7642\u6548\u5927\u52dd\u5168\u7403\u85e5\u699c\u92b7\u91cf\u51a0\u8ecd\uff0c\u9707\u64bc\u7684\u751f\u6280\u696dDeepSeek\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/06\/%E6%9B%BE%E7%B6%93%E7%9A%84%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%A5%E5%BB%A0%E9%BB%98%E6%B2%99%E6%9D%B1%EF%BC%88Merck%EF%BC%89\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u66fe\u7d93\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5927\u85e5\u5ee0\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\uff08Merck\uff09<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2024\/11\/29\/%e7%a6%8f%e6%b3%b0%ef%bc%88vertex%ef%bc%89%e7%b0%a1%e4%bb%8b\/\">\u751f\u6280\u65b0\u661f\u798f\u6cf0\uff08Vertex\uff09\u5982\u4f55\u8cfa\u9322\uff1f<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2024\/06\/28\/%e6%8a%97%e7%97%85%e6%af%92%e8%97%a5%e7%8e%8b%e5%90%89%e5%88%a9%e5%be%b7%e9%96%8b%e7%99%bc%e5%87%ba%e4%b8%96%e4%b8%8a%e9%a6%96%e6%94%af%e6%84%9b%e6%bb%8b%e7%96%ab%e8%8b%97\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6297\u75c5\u6bd2\u85e5\u738b\u5409\u5229\u5fb7\uff08Gilead\uff09\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u4e16\u4e0a\u9996\u652f\u611b\u6ecb\u75ab\u82d7<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2024\/06\/06\/%e5%90%8c%e6%99%82%e6%8f%a1%e6%9c%89%e5%85%a9%e5%a4%a7%e6%9c%aa%e4%be%86%e6%98%8e%e6%98%9f%e6%96%b0%e8%97%a5%e7%9a%84%e7%b6%ad%e4%ba%acviking\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u540c\u6642\u63e1\u6709\u5169\u5927\u672a\u4f86\u660e\u661f\u65b0\u85e5\u7684\u7dad\u4eac\uff08Viking\uff09<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2024\/06\/02\/%E9%9D%9E%E9%85%92%E7%B2%BE%E6%80%A7%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8Emash\/#google_vignette\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">FDA\u9996\u6b21\u6279\u51c6\u975e\u9152\u7cbe\u6027\u8102\u80aa\u809d\u708e(MASH)\u6cbb\u7642\u85e5\u7269<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/12\/07\/%E9%98%BF%E8%8C%B2%E6%B5%B7%E9%BB%98%E7%97%87%EF%BC%8C%E5%94%AF%E4%B8%80%E5%B0%9A%E5%BE%85%E6%94%BB%E5%85%8B%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E7%9A%84%E7%9B%AE%E5%89%8D%E9%80%B2%E5%B1%95\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u5c1a\u5f85\u653b\u514b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u76ee\u524d\u9032\u5c55\u548c\u76f8\u95dc\u4f01\u696d<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/11\/15\/%e7%a6%ae%e4%be%86%e7%82%ba%e4%bd%95%e8%83%bd%e6%88%90%e7%82%ba%e6%96%b0%e4%b8%80%e4%bb%a3%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e8%a3%bd%e8%97%a5%e5%b8%82%e5%80%bc%e7%8e%8b%ef%bc%9f\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u79ae\u4f86\uff08Eli Lilly\uff09\u70ba\u4f55\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u5168\u7403\u88fd\u85e5\u5e02\u503c\u738b\uff1f<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/03\/30\/%e8%ab%be%e5%92%8c%e8%ab%be%e5%be%b7%e5%8f%b8%e7%be%8e%e6%a0%bc%e9%ad%af%e8%82%bd%e5%92%8c%e8%85%b8%e6%b3%8c%e7%b4%a0%e7%9a%84%e6%b8%9b%e9%87%8d%e6%95%88%e6%9e%9c\/\">\u8afe\u548c\u8afe\u5fb7\uff08Novo Nordisk\uff09\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u7684\u65b0\u85e5Semaglutide\uff08\u53f8\u7f8e\u683c\u9b6f\u80bd\uff09\u8afe\u548c\u6cf0 Ozempic\uff0cWegovy\u548cMounjaro\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u5177\u6709\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u6e1b\u91cd\u6548\u679c<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2022\/07\/02\/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9C%80%E9%87%8D%E8%A6%81%E7%9A%84%E9%86%AB%E7%99%82%E5%99%A8%E6%9D%90%E5%92%8C%E7%87%9F%E9%A4%8A%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%95%86%E4%BA%9E%E5%9F%B9\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5168\u7403\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u91ab\u7642\u5668\u6750\u548c\u71df\u990a\u98df\u54c1\u5546\u4e9e\u57f9\uff08Abbott\uff09\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8cfa\u9322\u7684\uff1f<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2022\/06\/24\/%e9%bb%98%e5%85%8b\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7a4f\u5b9a\u7684\u9053\u74ca\u88fd\u85e5\u6210\u4efd\u80a1\u9ed8\u6c99\u6771\uff08Merck\uff09\u5982\u4f55\u8cfa\u9322\uff1f<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2022\/11\/29\/%e7%be%8e%e8%82%a1%e4%b8%bb%e8%a6%81%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e5%88%86%e6%8b%86%e5%8f%b2\/\">\u7f8e\u80a1\u4e3b\u8981\u85e5\u5ee0\u5206\u62c6\u53f2\uff0c\u548c\u6301\u6709\u5176\u80a1\u7968\u7684\u597d\u8655<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2022\/11\/18\/%e8%99%95%e6%96%b9%e8%97%a5%e9%a0%98%e5%b0%8e%e5%95%86%e8%89%be%e4%bc%af%e7%b6%ad\/\">\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u6392\u540d\u7b2c\u4e00\u7684\u88fd\u85e5\u696d\u9818\u8896\u827e\u4f2f\u7dad\uff08AbbVie\uff09<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/05\/17\/%e7%be%85%e6%b0%8f%e6%8a%97%e7%99%8c%e8%97%a5%e7%a5%9e\/\">\u7f85\u6c0f\u88fd\u85e5\uff08Roche\uff09\uff0c\u6297\u764c\u85e5\u795e<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2023\/08\/09\/%e4%bc%b0%e5%80%bc%e9%a9%9a%e4%ba%ba%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%a7%e8%97%a5%e5%bb%a0%e7%a6%ae%e4%be%86\/\">\u4f30\u503c\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u85e5\u5ee0\u79ae\u4f86\uff08Eli Lilly\uff09<\/a>\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/?s=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%A5%E5%BB%A0%E8%BC%9D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u85e5\u5ee0\u8f1d\u745e\uff08Pfizer<\/a>\uff09\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-size: revert;\">\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.granitefirm.com\/blog\/blog\/2022\/09\/21\/%e5%ac%8c%e7%94%9fj%e6%98%af%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%b3%ba%e9%8c%a2%e7%9a%84\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u64c1\u67093A\u50b5\u4fe1\u8a55\u7b49\u7684\u5b0c\u751f\uff08Johnson &amp; Johnson\uff09\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8cfa\u9322\u7684\uff1f<\/a>\u300b<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>\u91cd\u8981\u8072\u660e<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul 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